Part 2
Gregor has vowed that he will do everything he can so that his new condition does not become a burden to his family. He begins to adapt to his new condition and yet still worries about his family’s financial problem. Gregor slowly adapts to his new life. He begins to enjoy scurrying around his room and climbing on a chair to look out the window. Though Grete continues to look after Gregor, he notices that she cannot stand the sight of him, and he hides behind a sheet draped over the sofa when she enters the room. The parents avoid coming in, though they seem curious about his state. The mother in particular is eager to see him, but Grete and the father urge her not to.
Grete sees that Gregor enjoys climbing up the walls and across the ceiling, so she decides to remove the furniture from the room to give him more space. While the father is out, Grete and the mother start taking out furniture. Gregor hides as usual, but he grows anxious as he hears his mother worry that she and Grete might be doing him a disservice by stripping the room of his possessions. Grete, however, considers herself the expert on Gregor and overrules the mother’s objections. While Grete and the mother talk in the living room, Gregor panicked at the thought of losing all the remnants of his human life, climbs the wall and covers the picture of the woman in furs to prevent it from being taken away.
The mother spots Gregor on the wall, goes into a panic, and passes out. Grete yells at Gregor as he lets go of the picture and scurries into the living room. Grete rushes out, grabs medicine, and returns to Gregor’s room, shutting the door behind her. The father returns and Grete tells him that Gregor broke out. He misunderstands Grete and thinks Gregor attacked the mother, so he starts chasing Gregor around the room. Gregor notices that his father has become a new man since getting a job as a bank attendant—he stands straighter and looks cleaner and healthier. The father throws fruit at Gregor, and eventually hits him with an apple that becomes lodged in Gregor’s back. The mother bursts from the bedroom and Gregor rushes for the door, hearing his mother beg his father to stop.
Part 3
After the incident with his father, the apple left Gregor injured in his back. He stops eating as he worries about his family who at this time of their lives find him to be a bondage to them. Grete does not take care of Gregor as she usually does and gets angry when her mother decides that it is the mother’s duty to take care of Gregor. A new maid has been hired to clean the room, and she tends to disturb Gregor a lot, once he almost attacked her, but he resisted after she almost hit him with a chair. The family takes three boarders into the apartment. They moved most of their furniture into Gregor room because the borders hate disorder. Meanwhile Gregor enjoys crawling through the clutter, though doing so leaves him exhausted.
While Grete was playing her violin for the borders, they became bored with the song, but Gregor was moved by the song and came out of his room. The 3 borders saw him and screamed. Grete tells her parents that they have to stop believing that the bug is Gregor and says they must find a way to get rid of it. The father wishes they could explain to Gregor why they need him to leave, but Grete says that if he could understand them, he would have left long ago to spare them any more pain. Gregor, feeling terrible, He remains motionless through the night, thinking to himself all the while that he must go away to relieve them of their suffering. As dawn breaks, he stabs himself.
The maid tell the family that Gregor is dead, but they show no regards, instead they talk about Grete’s body and the fact that she is maturing and they want to start to search for a husband for her.
Themes
The main theme in the book is existentialism which is a philosophy about one’s self. Gregor wakes up one day and he is a bug, instead of trying to figure out a way to solve his problem and what the society will think of him, he was worried about his family and their financial problem and the family does not even want him anymore. They only needed him for money and now he is no longer useful to them. Evens when he died they did not seem to care at all.
Metamorphosis is also a theme. Gregor transforms into a bug, his sister matures into an adult. The family, who at the beginning of the book appeared hopeless and static, owing to the difficulties resulting from Gregor’s transformation became reinvigorated. They are now able to provide for themselves.
Quote
“He must go,” cried Gregor’s sister, “that’s the only solution, Father. You must just try to get rid of the idea that this is Gregor. The fact that we’ve believed it for so long is the root of all our trouble.” (Kafka 62).
Reaction
This quote is very important because it shows that the family is fed up with Gregor’s transformation. They see his as a burden and they want to move on. Grete has gradually lost faith that any humanity remains in the bug at all, and she indicates that she no longer thinks of it as Gregor. The family has lost sympathy for the bug as they have become less certain that anything of Gregor remains and as the bug has become a greater burden to them. Shows the idea of existentialism, instead of Gregor to find a solution to his problem, he accepts it and is worried about his family that does not want him any more.
Monday, June 13, 2011
Monday, May 30, 2011
The Metamorphosis 13-39
Part 1 of The Metamorphosis
Gregor Samsa wakes up in the morning to find out that he has been transformed into a giant cockroach, the beginning of the book talks about his life particularly, he is a sales man and his job involves him traveling and this result in lack of lasting friendship. He does not like his job and only does it because his parent own debt to his boss. This story is mostly about how Gregor tries to fit into society. First he thought that he was dreaming but then found it a struggle to get out of bed. Gregor first thought upon waking up as a creature are not related to his physical form, but the state of affair in his life. This quote talks about how much he despises his work. “Oh God he thought, what a strenuous occupation I’ve chosen” (Kafka 14). His family tries to get him out of bird because they depend on the money that he makes from his work. Gregor is still trying to adjust to the fact that he does not know if he would be accepted into the society again. Later on, an attorney comes to the house to get Gregor out of his room, but when he talks to them, they don’t understand his language. So they decided to break down the door so that they (family) would figure out while Gregor would not go to work as usual.
While his family tries to open the door, Gregor finally gives in and reaches for the door, turns the lock with his mouth, he slowly pulls open the door. Seeing that Gregor is now a giant insect, the terrified office manager backs away, the mother passes out, and the father cries. Gregor delivers a long speech asking the office manager to put in a good word for him at work, since traveling salesmen often become the subjects of negative gossip, but the office manager continues to back out of the apartment. Gregor unsuccessfully tries to catch him as he flees and discovers how easily he can crawl on his new legs. The father then picks up a newspaper and the office manager’s cane and drives Gregor back into his bedroom. Gregor injures himself when he becomes stuck in the doorway, but the father shoves him through and slams the door.
His office manager concludes that Gregor has been lazy at work and that he might have stolen some money. Gregor is unable to talk to human. The relationship with his families is seen as a rocky relationship, they plead with the attorney so that Gregor can keep his job.
Half of Part 2
Gregor Samsa wakes up and discovered that someone already brought his favorite drink, Milk to his room, but to his dismay, it tasted disgusting. Later on his sister, Grete brought rotten food to his room to see if he will eat it and he did. As a Vermin, he prefers rotten food to regular food. His sister develops a pattern of bringing him food when his parents are sleeping. He hears his family speaking about how they need to find employment since Gregor can’t work anymore. Gregor feels embarrassed when he hears them discuss this topic, as the father has become out of shape and clumsy and the mother has asthma, so neither seems very capable of working.
Quote
“One morning, upon awakening from agitated dreams, Gregor Samsa found himself, in his bed, transformed into a monstrous vermin.” (Kafka 13)
Reaction
This quote is the beginning of the book and it is important because it is said in the tone of a third person but also because it introduces the subject matter of The Metamorphosis and indicates how that subject matter will be treated throughout the story. The opening line which is narrated in the third person reflects Gregor’s own attitude toward his change. Gregor never attempts to determine why or how he transformed into a bug. Instead, he appears to accept the change as an unfortunate incident, like an accident or illness, and doesn’t get particularly upset about it. In fact, after his transformation he continues to think about relatively normal subjects, like his family’s financial situation and his own physical comfort. Consequently, Gregor himself embodies this absurdist point of view exemplified in the opening line. He is the victim of an evidently purposeless and random metamorphosis, which he treats as though it were not completely unusual; suggesting he at least somewhat expects the world he lives in to be an irrational and chaotic place.
By turning Gregor into a vermin, Kafka evokes pathos on his audience. The readers feel sorry for Gregor despise his disgusting nature.
Gregor Samsa wakes up in the morning to find out that he has been transformed into a giant cockroach, the beginning of the book talks about his life particularly, he is a sales man and his job involves him traveling and this result in lack of lasting friendship. He does not like his job and only does it because his parent own debt to his boss. This story is mostly about how Gregor tries to fit into society. First he thought that he was dreaming but then found it a struggle to get out of bed. Gregor first thought upon waking up as a creature are not related to his physical form, but the state of affair in his life. This quote talks about how much he despises his work. “Oh God he thought, what a strenuous occupation I’ve chosen” (Kafka 14). His family tries to get him out of bird because they depend on the money that he makes from his work. Gregor is still trying to adjust to the fact that he does not know if he would be accepted into the society again. Later on, an attorney comes to the house to get Gregor out of his room, but when he talks to them, they don’t understand his language. So they decided to break down the door so that they (family) would figure out while Gregor would not go to work as usual.
While his family tries to open the door, Gregor finally gives in and reaches for the door, turns the lock with his mouth, he slowly pulls open the door. Seeing that Gregor is now a giant insect, the terrified office manager backs away, the mother passes out, and the father cries. Gregor delivers a long speech asking the office manager to put in a good word for him at work, since traveling salesmen often become the subjects of negative gossip, but the office manager continues to back out of the apartment. Gregor unsuccessfully tries to catch him as he flees and discovers how easily he can crawl on his new legs. The father then picks up a newspaper and the office manager’s cane and drives Gregor back into his bedroom. Gregor injures himself when he becomes stuck in the doorway, but the father shoves him through and slams the door.
His office manager concludes that Gregor has been lazy at work and that he might have stolen some money. Gregor is unable to talk to human. The relationship with his families is seen as a rocky relationship, they plead with the attorney so that Gregor can keep his job.
Half of Part 2
Gregor Samsa wakes up and discovered that someone already brought his favorite drink, Milk to his room, but to his dismay, it tasted disgusting. Later on his sister, Grete brought rotten food to his room to see if he will eat it and he did. As a Vermin, he prefers rotten food to regular food. His sister develops a pattern of bringing him food when his parents are sleeping. He hears his family speaking about how they need to find employment since Gregor can’t work anymore. Gregor feels embarrassed when he hears them discuss this topic, as the father has become out of shape and clumsy and the mother has asthma, so neither seems very capable of working.
Quote
“One morning, upon awakening from agitated dreams, Gregor Samsa found himself, in his bed, transformed into a monstrous vermin.” (Kafka 13)
Reaction
This quote is the beginning of the book and it is important because it is said in the tone of a third person but also because it introduces the subject matter of The Metamorphosis and indicates how that subject matter will be treated throughout the story. The opening line which is narrated in the third person reflects Gregor’s own attitude toward his change. Gregor never attempts to determine why or how he transformed into a bug. Instead, he appears to accept the change as an unfortunate incident, like an accident or illness, and doesn’t get particularly upset about it. In fact, after his transformation he continues to think about relatively normal subjects, like his family’s financial situation and his own physical comfort. Consequently, Gregor himself embodies this absurdist point of view exemplified in the opening line. He is the victim of an evidently purposeless and random metamorphosis, which he treats as though it were not completely unusual; suggesting he at least somewhat expects the world he lives in to be an irrational and chaotic place.
By turning Gregor into a vermin, Kafka evokes pathos on his audience. The readers feel sorry for Gregor despise his disgusting nature.
Friday, April 22, 2011
In the wake of the Plague (184-220)
Heritage of the African Rifts
In the early 1960s-70s, Paleontologist made discovery near the borders of Kenya and Tanzania. Grant Johannsen found the skeleton of the earliest human being that was 2.5 million years old. They gave her the name Lucy because the song that was playing at the moment of her discovery was the Beatle’s song called “Lucy in the Diamond”. Human species spread from African over the rest of the world. Historians have concluded that the Nile River remained the avenue in later times for the spread of the anti-humanoid epidemic, from medieval plague to modern AIDS. Lucy’s homeland is the starting point of human society and the starting point of disease that threatens the existence of humanity. The West Nile virus that threatened New York City and Long Island in the summer of 1999 and 2000 originated in East African and in the West Nile district of Uganda. Theses disease originated in Easy African because there was more living organism (Lucy’s type) located there than anywhere in the world.
The most deadly pandemics are smallpox, Gonorrhea and bubonic plague. Smallpox wiped 9 million Native Americans in México. Historians believe that it originated from the black hole in Central Asia or East Africa. Gonorrhea is the first sexual transmitted disease. It drifted from Central Asia or East Africa. It generated in Roman Empire which tolerated any kind of sexual intercourse including copulation with animals.
The After Math
Motifs have been used to describe the life style during the Black Death. In metaphorical construction the Black Death stands as the moon of the cold darkness, it also was the onset of harsh bared-tree autumn passing into winter. The Dance of Death in which skeletons are dancing from musky graveyard was a favorite motif of art and literature, projected the ideological anxiety of the society during the Black Death. Dance of Death exhibited pessimism, lassitude and loss of confidence. Most Historians believe that the Black Death made it possible for the renaissance and proto-modern world by breaking out old culture. “Black death was the trauma that liberated the new” (cantor 214). Black Death accelerated the decline of the serfdom; improvement demonstrated how we went from using earthenware to metal cooking pots. Black Death was good for surviving women of gentry’s class.
Religiously, the Black Death helped shift the focus on the body of Christ. It inspired the elaboration of the Corpus Christi festival. It help inspired the Christian to take the holy communion more often than once a year. The Black Death weakened the faith in traditional medieval catholic spirituality and set off a quest of human psychology and behavior and the expression of a more personal sensibility. (Inspired the Italian Renaissance), the catastrophe of the Black Death weakened the foundations of the medieval kingship.
Quote
“Black death was the trauma that liberated the new” (cantor 214).
Reaction
When most people think about the epidemic, they think about the lives that was loss, the reason that the plague started and how it is going to end. When it ends, people talk about how they can restore the civilization back to it normal state like the disaster in Japan and Haiti, buy I don’t think that it make the world a better place. It is fascinating to know that the Italian renaissance was inspired after the Black Death; it made a new civilization that became more interested in art and human than religion. This can be connected to why Shakespeare’s work can seen in human psychology.
In the early 1960s-70s, Paleontologist made discovery near the borders of Kenya and Tanzania. Grant Johannsen found the skeleton of the earliest human being that was 2.5 million years old. They gave her the name Lucy because the song that was playing at the moment of her discovery was the Beatle’s song called “Lucy in the Diamond”. Human species spread from African over the rest of the world. Historians have concluded that the Nile River remained the avenue in later times for the spread of the anti-humanoid epidemic, from medieval plague to modern AIDS. Lucy’s homeland is the starting point of human society and the starting point of disease that threatens the existence of humanity. The West Nile virus that threatened New York City and Long Island in the summer of 1999 and 2000 originated in East African and in the West Nile district of Uganda. Theses disease originated in Easy African because there was more living organism (Lucy’s type) located there than anywhere in the world.
The most deadly pandemics are smallpox, Gonorrhea and bubonic plague. Smallpox wiped 9 million Native Americans in México. Historians believe that it originated from the black hole in Central Asia or East Africa. Gonorrhea is the first sexual transmitted disease. It drifted from Central Asia or East Africa. It generated in Roman Empire which tolerated any kind of sexual intercourse including copulation with animals.
The After Math
Motifs have been used to describe the life style during the Black Death. In metaphorical construction the Black Death stands as the moon of the cold darkness, it also was the onset of harsh bared-tree autumn passing into winter. The Dance of Death in which skeletons are dancing from musky graveyard was a favorite motif of art and literature, projected the ideological anxiety of the society during the Black Death. Dance of Death exhibited pessimism, lassitude and loss of confidence. Most Historians believe that the Black Death made it possible for the renaissance and proto-modern world by breaking out old culture. “Black death was the trauma that liberated the new” (cantor 214). Black Death accelerated the decline of the serfdom; improvement demonstrated how we went from using earthenware to metal cooking pots. Black Death was good for surviving women of gentry’s class.
Religiously, the Black Death helped shift the focus on the body of Christ. It inspired the elaboration of the Corpus Christi festival. It help inspired the Christian to take the holy communion more often than once a year. The Black Death weakened the faith in traditional medieval catholic spirituality and set off a quest of human psychology and behavior and the expression of a more personal sensibility. (Inspired the Italian Renaissance), the catastrophe of the Black Death weakened the foundations of the medieval kingship.
Quote
“Black death was the trauma that liberated the new” (cantor 214).
Reaction
When most people think about the epidemic, they think about the lives that was loss, the reason that the plague started and how it is going to end. When it ends, people talk about how they can restore the civilization back to it normal state like the disaster in Japan and Haiti, buy I don’t think that it make the world a better place. It is fascinating to know that the Italian renaissance was inspired after the Black Death; it made a new civilization that became more interested in art and human than religion. This can be connected to why Shakespeare’s work can seen in human psychology.
Thursday, April 21, 2011
In the Wake of the Plague (148-184)
Jewish Conspiracy
On October 30th 1348 at chattel near Geneva, a Jews named Agiment was put to torture and later he made the confession that he poisoned the wells of the Germans. He said that on his way to Venice to buy silk, he met another rabbi that gave his the poison made from the skin of the basilisk and reptiles (spiders, frogs and snakes). The Germans also concluded that the poison was made from the heart of the Christian and fragment of the host (poison was made from the Holy- Communion). This Jewish man confessed that he poisoned the public fountain of Toulouse and the wells near the Mediterranean Sea. Because of this confession, Jews who lived from the city close to the sea to those who live in Germany were burnt alive or were killed. 3 cities did not believe that the Jews committed these crimes so they did not punish the Jewish that lives these 3 cities. The city of Strasbourg, Freiburg and Basil did not punish their Jews yet.
The citizens of these cities marched and protested that the Jews should not be allowed into the cities for the next 200 years. There was a conference held because of the protest and the authorities of these cities gave in. The Jews in these cities were burnt alive or they were expelled. If the peasants saw them, they would stab them to death or drown them. The city council of Strasbourg that wanted to save its Jews was removed from power and the council began to arrest the Jews on February the 13th. This is why February the 13th is seen as a bad day.
The people believed that the Jews started the Black Death because of their study of the Kabbalah. The Germans and other Christians believed that the Kabbalah intensified mystical and astrological content over time. They conceived that the Kabbalah which holds recipes for magic, poison and spells constituted a kind of black magic. Witchcraft in the England was connected to the Kabbalah somehow. After the death of the Jews, archbishops and clergies would take the properties of the Jews. Another belief that the Jews were responsible for the Black Death was because their population of Jews killed by the Death was the lowest in Europe.
Serpent and Cosmic Dust
Historian believed that the Black Death was caused by the bubonic Plague spread by parasites. Another infectious disease was Anthrax from cattle (Cows). The Medieval explanation of the Death was reptiles. Snakes were believed to be the cause of the poison. Study showed how England suffered 3 days of calamities, it terrified the country. This includes the rain of frogs, serpents, lizards and scorpion. Also the rain of fire and reptiles released from below the ground after earthquake. Peregrine Horden commented that in the medieval minds, mythical serpents and dragons are to a large extent interchangeable and that dragons are characterize by poisonous, pestilential breath. Also there is a story recounted by Bishop Gregory of Tours that said that a great school, of water snakes swan down the rivers to the sea in their midst was a tremendous dragon as big as a tree trunk, but the monster were drowned in the sea and their body were washed up the shore. There then followed a plague epidemic in the city. Snakes were to blame for the Black Death.
Another theory of the origin of the Black Death is from outer space. According to Fred Hoyle and Chandra Wickramasinghe that materials resembling organic grains falls from space resulting in an immense # of bacteria and viruses that fall each year into animals and plants. They argue that the generalized spread of Black Death with exceptionally gaps is entirely consistent with a fall of pathogens from space. “There is no marching army of plague stricken rats. The rats died in places they were” (Hoyle 181).
Quote
“Christians might well suspects that among…of the Kabbalah were arcane recipes for magic and poison and spells, that the Kabbalah constituted a king of Black Magic” (Cantor 151).
Reaction
I believe that the Jews were attact because Religiously they are chosen as God’s people and other people are trying to make them suffer. I also think that the Jewish guy was force to say what he said about the poison because in the reading not only him had confessed to the crime. The archbishops just wanted the wealth of the Jews and killing them was an easy way to take over their properties. Hitler also used this to accuse the Jews before he ordered them to the crematories.
I don’t understand how matters would fall from space unto animals and cause a plague that would wipe out a lot of people. There is not water in space so how do materials resemble organic matters able to survive up there.
I thought that it was fascinating to know that there had been conspiracy towards the Jews before the Holocaust and how both can be linked together, because of their faith and religion
On October 30th 1348 at chattel near Geneva, a Jews named Agiment was put to torture and later he made the confession that he poisoned the wells of the Germans. He said that on his way to Venice to buy silk, he met another rabbi that gave his the poison made from the skin of the basilisk and reptiles (spiders, frogs and snakes). The Germans also concluded that the poison was made from the heart of the Christian and fragment of the host (poison was made from the Holy- Communion). This Jewish man confessed that he poisoned the public fountain of Toulouse and the wells near the Mediterranean Sea. Because of this confession, Jews who lived from the city close to the sea to those who live in Germany were burnt alive or were killed. 3 cities did not believe that the Jews committed these crimes so they did not punish the Jewish that lives these 3 cities. The city of Strasbourg, Freiburg and Basil did not punish their Jews yet.
The citizens of these cities marched and protested that the Jews should not be allowed into the cities for the next 200 years. There was a conference held because of the protest and the authorities of these cities gave in. The Jews in these cities were burnt alive or they were expelled. If the peasants saw them, they would stab them to death or drown them. The city council of Strasbourg that wanted to save its Jews was removed from power and the council began to arrest the Jews on February the 13th. This is why February the 13th is seen as a bad day.
The people believed that the Jews started the Black Death because of their study of the Kabbalah. The Germans and other Christians believed that the Kabbalah intensified mystical and astrological content over time. They conceived that the Kabbalah which holds recipes for magic, poison and spells constituted a kind of black magic. Witchcraft in the England was connected to the Kabbalah somehow. After the death of the Jews, archbishops and clergies would take the properties of the Jews. Another belief that the Jews were responsible for the Black Death was because their population of Jews killed by the Death was the lowest in Europe.
Serpent and Cosmic Dust
Historian believed that the Black Death was caused by the bubonic Plague spread by parasites. Another infectious disease was Anthrax from cattle (Cows). The Medieval explanation of the Death was reptiles. Snakes were believed to be the cause of the poison. Study showed how England suffered 3 days of calamities, it terrified the country. This includes the rain of frogs, serpents, lizards and scorpion. Also the rain of fire and reptiles released from below the ground after earthquake. Peregrine Horden commented that in the medieval minds, mythical serpents and dragons are to a large extent interchangeable and that dragons are characterize by poisonous, pestilential breath. Also there is a story recounted by Bishop Gregory of Tours that said that a great school, of water snakes swan down the rivers to the sea in their midst was a tremendous dragon as big as a tree trunk, but the monster were drowned in the sea and their body were washed up the shore. There then followed a plague epidemic in the city. Snakes were to blame for the Black Death.
Another theory of the origin of the Black Death is from outer space. According to Fred Hoyle and Chandra Wickramasinghe that materials resembling organic grains falls from space resulting in an immense # of bacteria and viruses that fall each year into animals and plants. They argue that the generalized spread of Black Death with exceptionally gaps is entirely consistent with a fall of pathogens from space. “There is no marching army of plague stricken rats. The rats died in places they were” (Hoyle 181).
Quote
“Christians might well suspects that among…of the Kabbalah were arcane recipes for magic and poison and spells, that the Kabbalah constituted a king of Black Magic” (Cantor 151).
Reaction
I believe that the Jews were attact because Religiously they are chosen as God’s people and other people are trying to make them suffer. I also think that the Jewish guy was force to say what he said about the poison because in the reading not only him had confessed to the crime. The archbishops just wanted the wealth of the Jews and killing them was an easy way to take over their properties. Hitler also used this to accuse the Jews before he ordered them to the crematories.
I don’t understand how matters would fall from space unto animals and cause a plague that would wipe out a lot of people. There is not water in space so how do materials resemble organic matters able to survive up there.
I thought that it was fascinating to know that there had been conspiracy towards the Jews before the Holocaust and how both can be linked together, because of their faith and religion
Monday, April 18, 2011
In the wake of the plague (101- 146)
Death comes to the archbishops
Even thought ranking mattered in the medieval times the Black Death still attacked the rich people to the people, even the archbishops were victims of the Black Death. “Cleanliness is next to holiness to Godliness” did not work in this time. England was in war with France and needed strong spiritual leadership so the king appointed and called for his archbishop, John offord. Not long after he entered office the archbishop died of the plague on May 2nd 1349. His decaying body was unable to with stand pestilence. The next guy appointed to be the archbishop was Thomas Bardwardine, the morning after he arrived at his destination in Rochester, he got the high fever, and the buboes began to appear around his armpits and groins, he lingered for 5 days, and he later died of the plague. The Death of both archbishops was a blow to the royal family, the Black Death was not sparing the royal family nor England’s leading intellectuals and religious figures. Religion relating to the plague was the ninth biblical plague cattle disease and perhaps the origin of the Black Plague. The burning of the Germans Jews accused of poisoning wells and causing the Black Death. In the city of Strasbourg in 1492; Jews were because they were suspected to be responsible for the Black Death.
Women and Men of Property
90% of England’s wealth was in land, owners of these lands often go with titles like “Duke”, “Earl” or “Lord”. 30% of the lands are also owned by ecclesiastical offices and corporation. The gentry were the poorest of the class during the middle ages most of them were Knights in England. Before the Black Death, the population of the gentry was half a million and after the plague it was half it original size. The only two groups that succeeded from the Black Death were the common lawyers and the women. The Common lawyers made their money protecting, expanding and defending the gentry’s estates. Their fees were high, but no gentry’ family could not endure without their services. For common lawyers, it was not enough to know the law; they had to be expert at drawing complicating documents in a highly specialized language. The other beneficiaries were the women of the gentry’s class. The common lawyer had to protect the widows. Lords would try to take their lands because their husbands were no more and because they did not have male heir so the law stepped in and make sure that the women were properly taken care of. The Black Death resulted either from bubonic plague or anthrax. The male of the gentry would have a higher mortality rate because they worked on the farm which cattle and other animals would be infested by fleas.
Quote
"Cleanliness is next to Holiness next to Godliness" (Acts 9:32).
"The Plague was not sparing the royal family nor England's leading intellectual and religious figures"(Cantor 107).
Reaction
The The first quotes I find to be very true and yet funny because God is seen as a clean and having no sin which is why he is holy but this is untrue of the archbishops in England at this time. The religious people are also dying in this plague and yet they are seen as the only ones during the middle ages, closer to the Pope. Also ranking seems to be important, but the plague did not see any of that, it continued to kill those in its part which I thought was very interesting.
Even thought ranking mattered in the medieval times the Black Death still attacked the rich people to the people, even the archbishops were victims of the Black Death. “Cleanliness is next to holiness to Godliness” did not work in this time. England was in war with France and needed strong spiritual leadership so the king appointed and called for his archbishop, John offord. Not long after he entered office the archbishop died of the plague on May 2nd 1349. His decaying body was unable to with stand pestilence. The next guy appointed to be the archbishop was Thomas Bardwardine, the morning after he arrived at his destination in Rochester, he got the high fever, and the buboes began to appear around his armpits and groins, he lingered for 5 days, and he later died of the plague. The Death of both archbishops was a blow to the royal family, the Black Death was not sparing the royal family nor England’s leading intellectuals and religious figures. Religion relating to the plague was the ninth biblical plague cattle disease and perhaps the origin of the Black Plague. The burning of the Germans Jews accused of poisoning wells and causing the Black Death. In the city of Strasbourg in 1492; Jews were because they were suspected to be responsible for the Black Death.
Women and Men of Property
90% of England’s wealth was in land, owners of these lands often go with titles like “Duke”, “Earl” or “Lord”. 30% of the lands are also owned by ecclesiastical offices and corporation. The gentry were the poorest of the class during the middle ages most of them were Knights in England. Before the Black Death, the population of the gentry was half a million and after the plague it was half it original size. The only two groups that succeeded from the Black Death were the common lawyers and the women. The Common lawyers made their money protecting, expanding and defending the gentry’s estates. Their fees were high, but no gentry’ family could not endure without their services. For common lawyers, it was not enough to know the law; they had to be expert at drawing complicating documents in a highly specialized language. The other beneficiaries were the women of the gentry’s class. The common lawyer had to protect the widows. Lords would try to take their lands because their husbands were no more and because they did not have male heir so the law stepped in and make sure that the women were properly taken care of. The Black Death resulted either from bubonic plague or anthrax. The male of the gentry would have a higher mortality rate because they worked on the farm which cattle and other animals would be infested by fleas.
Quote
"Cleanliness is next to Holiness next to Godliness" (Acts 9:32).
"The Plague was not sparing the royal family nor England's leading intellectual and religious figures"(Cantor 107).
Reaction
The The first quotes I find to be very true and yet funny because God is seen as a clean and having no sin which is why he is holy but this is untrue of the archbishops in England at this time. The religious people are also dying in this plague and yet they are seen as the only ones during the middle ages, closer to the Pope. Also ranking seems to be important, but the plague did not see any of that, it continued to kill those in its part which I thought was very interesting.
Wednesday, March 30, 2011
In the wake of the plague #62-100
Lords and Peasants
Previously chapter explained that the plague struck various countries in the Middle East during the pandemic, leading to serious depopulation and permanent change in both economic and social structures. 14th century doctors never identified the emergency of the anthrax epidemic about human because the first stage of the bubonic plague and anthrax were identical; they thought that the anthrax attack on human was familiar and this lad to the dead of a lot of people. History statistics showed that the Black Death estimated to have killed about 30% – 60% of Europe's population.
The Lords of England would hire serfs (slaves but not treated as badly as the American slaves), they would work on their land and would have some reward them with food. The rich would consume a lot of red meat which was bad; also people began to diet and ate wheat and oat which would cause malnutrition. In the summer of 1316 – 1317, the sun did not shine, the crops failed to grow causing starvation and food shortage; there was famine and this resulted in death. Historian believes that the famine and war and bad war contributed to the Black Death. The lack of food made the immune system weak. Undernourished bodies were more easily to prey to the Black Death. Dead bodies were usually stacked upon each body and this would produce an unwanted stench and making people to cover up and not come out. The Black Death represented a crisis that imposed an additional burden on the business men. The business went under pressure.
During and after the plague, landlords put up the price of their land and peasants were trying to improve their position in a labor market favorable to themselves. This resulted in the great medieval working class rebellion, the revolt of 1381. The loosening of the bonds and bound of rural society caused by the Black Death and resulting to the revolt of 1381 led to the working class takeover of the government and a socialist state.
The main social consequence of the Black Death was not the moving up of the peasants, but the further progress along the road to class ramification in the capitalist economy. The wealthiest peasants took advantage of the poorer peasants. Their misery kept piling up. The plague turned the civilization of England into a world that people struggled to get food. It became a fearful world in which natural things threaten people and people lived in constant fear of starvation, devastation and death. Violence, drunkenness and physical accidents were common.
If the lords were struck badly by the great plague, the peasants were struck more and badly, this led the society to grief and caused anxiety and confusion. The peasants who lived during this time felt the displacement in their bones.
Quotes
A poem from the book
Pearls
“Drawn heavenward by divine accord I had seen and heard mysteries yet; but always men would have and hoard and again the more, the more they get. So banished I was, by cares besets from realms eternal untimely sent. How badly, lord they strive and fret whose acts accord not with your consents” (Borroff 98)
Reaction
I think that this quote is very important because it reflects how the Black Death took thing away from people; this includes family member, friend and livestock. This quote talks about a girl who is the subject of the poem she was expressed as a pearl by the author. The motif that I saw in this poem was death because the last two lines talk about the people dying and I think that the young girl was killed by the Black Death.
Previously chapter explained that the plague struck various countries in the Middle East during the pandemic, leading to serious depopulation and permanent change in both economic and social structures. 14th century doctors never identified the emergency of the anthrax epidemic about human because the first stage of the bubonic plague and anthrax were identical; they thought that the anthrax attack on human was familiar and this lad to the dead of a lot of people. History statistics showed that the Black Death estimated to have killed about 30% – 60% of Europe's population.
The Lords of England would hire serfs (slaves but not treated as badly as the American slaves), they would work on their land and would have some reward them with food. The rich would consume a lot of red meat which was bad; also people began to diet and ate wheat and oat which would cause malnutrition. In the summer of 1316 – 1317, the sun did not shine, the crops failed to grow causing starvation and food shortage; there was famine and this resulted in death. Historian believes that the famine and war and bad war contributed to the Black Death. The lack of food made the immune system weak. Undernourished bodies were more easily to prey to the Black Death. Dead bodies were usually stacked upon each body and this would produce an unwanted stench and making people to cover up and not come out. The Black Death represented a crisis that imposed an additional burden on the business men. The business went under pressure.
During and after the plague, landlords put up the price of their land and peasants were trying to improve their position in a labor market favorable to themselves. This resulted in the great medieval working class rebellion, the revolt of 1381. The loosening of the bonds and bound of rural society caused by the Black Death and resulting to the revolt of 1381 led to the working class takeover of the government and a socialist state.
The main social consequence of the Black Death was not the moving up of the peasants, but the further progress along the road to class ramification in the capitalist economy. The wealthiest peasants took advantage of the poorer peasants. Their misery kept piling up. The plague turned the civilization of England into a world that people struggled to get food. It became a fearful world in which natural things threaten people and people lived in constant fear of starvation, devastation and death. Violence, drunkenness and physical accidents were common.
If the lords were struck badly by the great plague, the peasants were struck more and badly, this led the society to grief and caused anxiety and confusion. The peasants who lived during this time felt the displacement in their bones.
Quotes
A poem from the book
Pearls
“Drawn heavenward by divine accord I had seen and heard mysteries yet; but always men would have and hoard and again the more, the more they get. So banished I was, by cares besets from realms eternal untimely sent. How badly, lord they strive and fret whose acts accord not with your consents” (Borroff 98)
Reaction
I think that this quote is very important because it reflects how the Black Death took thing away from people; this includes family member, friend and livestock. This quote talks about a girl who is the subject of the poem she was expressed as a pearl by the author. The motif that I saw in this poem was death because the last two lines talk about the people dying and I think that the young girl was killed by the Black Death.
Tuesday, March 29, 2011
In the wake of the Plauge #1-62
Summary
Chapter one talks about the various diseases that plagued the earth. According to cantor, Infectious disease was the leading cause death worldwide and the third leading cause in the United States, but it already started in Europe and was the reason of the citizen reduction in England particularly. In England the kids sang a song that related that related to the Black Death, called “Ring around the Rosie” the origin the song describes what the disease did to people such as discoloring and the flulike symptoms. The Song was used to reflect of adult anxiety and effort on concerning devastation events. Although the Spanish influenza epidemic killed 50 million people and the pestilence disease killed 20 million, they were nothing compared to the Black Death.
The black death of 1348-49 was the greatest biomedical disaster in Europe and worldwide. “Devastated nations and caused population to vanish…swallowed up many good things of the civilization and wiped them out of the entire inhabited world” (Khaldun 6). Many historian of medicine have been able to determine the Black Death was at least been caused by Bubonic Plague, a disease carried by parasites on the back of rodents (Black Rats). Might have been disseminated by shipping in international trade, when human contact this disease there are 4 out of 5 probabilities that they would die in 2 weeks. Scientist also believed that anthrax murrain (cattle disease) was a possible explanatory of the Black. This is cause by eating tainted meat from sick herds and just as eating chimpanzees is believed to have started AIDS in East African.
The first stage of the Black Plague was the flulike symptoms, then accompanied by high fever. The second stage involved buboes. Black welts and bulges appear in the groin or near the armpits. The buboes grow dark on the skin and are extremely painful. The victim begins to vomit and have diarrhea. The third and as scientists say the fatal stage is being infected by pneumonia. People were told not to bath and it became dangerous to do so. Europe entered the pungent no bath era. Even Napoleon Bonaparte did not bathe.
The Black Death was also seen in the luxurious France city Bordeaux, the water on the town was infected to badly that it began to stink. Princess Joan dead of the disease on the visit to France, Most rich people ignored the mayor’s warning and continues to use the water.
In the years of the Black Death, England was still an intensely rural society. Red meat was eaten by the rich social class. They ate this from morning to night. According to Cantor, animals raised under crowed conditions were prone to cattle epidemics of which had anthrax in them. ‘
As part of the human genetics development, researchers discovered that a genetic mutant that has occurred before gives human carrier of CCR5 immunity against HIV and AIDS. If a Caucasian ancestor survived the plague, then the generations are completely immune from HIV/AIDS
Quote
"So nature killed many thought corruption, death came driving after her and dashed all the dust, kings and knights and empower and popes; he left no man standing, whether ignorant or learned, whatever he hits stirred and never afterward. Many a lovely lady and their lover-knights swooned and died in sorrow of death's blows...." (Wenzel 6)
"Ring around the Rosie"
"Ring around the rosies,
A pocketful of posies
Ashes Ashes
We all fall down." (Cantor 5).
Reaction
The first quote describes how the Black Death would come and kill any in its way. You did not have to be rich or poor to be killed the death, many who thought of having a peaceful life and enjoying their wealth were killed by a mysterious disease that was not yet known to be cured. Where he said “Death came driving after her and dashed all the dust” is a very strong image because it lets the audience know what the Plague did and how it destroy many civilization. Reading this book is very interesting because it makes me appreciate the technology we have and how we have improve on being a modern society that specializes in math and science.
The other quote is the song that the children would sing of the plague. It makes me think about how life is beautiful but at the same time it can be short. It makes me think about how reality can be unbearably horrible
Chapter one talks about the various diseases that plagued the earth. According to cantor, Infectious disease was the leading cause death worldwide and the third leading cause in the United States, but it already started in Europe and was the reason of the citizen reduction in England particularly. In England the kids sang a song that related that related to the Black Death, called “Ring around the Rosie” the origin the song describes what the disease did to people such as discoloring and the flulike symptoms. The Song was used to reflect of adult anxiety and effort on concerning devastation events. Although the Spanish influenza epidemic killed 50 million people and the pestilence disease killed 20 million, they were nothing compared to the Black Death.
The black death of 1348-49 was the greatest biomedical disaster in Europe and worldwide. “Devastated nations and caused population to vanish…swallowed up many good things of the civilization and wiped them out of the entire inhabited world” (Khaldun 6). Many historian of medicine have been able to determine the Black Death was at least been caused by Bubonic Plague, a disease carried by parasites on the back of rodents (Black Rats). Might have been disseminated by shipping in international trade, when human contact this disease there are 4 out of 5 probabilities that they would die in 2 weeks. Scientist also believed that anthrax murrain (cattle disease) was a possible explanatory of the Black. This is cause by eating tainted meat from sick herds and just as eating chimpanzees is believed to have started AIDS in East African.
The first stage of the Black Plague was the flulike symptoms, then accompanied by high fever. The second stage involved buboes. Black welts and bulges appear in the groin or near the armpits. The buboes grow dark on the skin and are extremely painful. The victim begins to vomit and have diarrhea. The third and as scientists say the fatal stage is being infected by pneumonia. People were told not to bath and it became dangerous to do so. Europe entered the pungent no bath era. Even Napoleon Bonaparte did not bathe.
The Black Death was also seen in the luxurious France city Bordeaux, the water on the town was infected to badly that it began to stink. Princess Joan dead of the disease on the visit to France, Most rich people ignored the mayor’s warning and continues to use the water.
In the years of the Black Death, England was still an intensely rural society. Red meat was eaten by the rich social class. They ate this from morning to night. According to Cantor, animals raised under crowed conditions were prone to cattle epidemics of which had anthrax in them. ‘
As part of the human genetics development, researchers discovered that a genetic mutant that has occurred before gives human carrier of CCR5 immunity against HIV and AIDS. If a Caucasian ancestor survived the plague, then the generations are completely immune from HIV/AIDS
Quote
"So nature killed many thought corruption, death came driving after her and dashed all the dust, kings and knights and empower and popes; he left no man standing, whether ignorant or learned, whatever he hits stirred and never afterward. Many a lovely lady and their lover-knights swooned and died in sorrow of death's blows...." (Wenzel 6)
"Ring around the Rosie"
"Ring around the rosies,
A pocketful of posies
Ashes Ashes
We all fall down." (Cantor 5).
Reaction
The first quote describes how the Black Death would come and kill any in its way. You did not have to be rich or poor to be killed the death, many who thought of having a peaceful life and enjoying their wealth were killed by a mysterious disease that was not yet known to be cured. Where he said “Death came driving after her and dashed all the dust” is a very strong image because it lets the audience know what the Plague did and how it destroy many civilization. Reading this book is very interesting because it makes me appreciate the technology we have and how we have improve on being a modern society that specializes in math and science.
The other quote is the song that the children would sing of the plague. It makes me think about how life is beautiful but at the same time it can be short. It makes me think about how reality can be unbearably horrible
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